Tinjauan Maqāshid al-Syarī‘ah terhadap Aktivitas Perempuan di Media Sosial pada Masa ‘Iddah: Analisis Pandangan Wahbah al-Zuḥailī
Keywords:
Maqāshid Al-Syarī’ah, Masa ‘Iddah, Aktivitas Perempuan, Media Sosial, Fiqh Kontemporer, Wahbah Al-ZuhailiAbstract
Fenomena perempuan yang tetap aktif di media sosial selama masa ‘iddah menjadi perbincangan serius dalam konteks hukum Islam kontemporer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau aktivitas tersebut melalui pendekatan maqāshid al-syarī’ah dan menganalisis pandangan Wahbah Al-Zuhaili, seorang ulama kontemporer ternama. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka dengan pendekatan normatif-kualitatif, menggunakan sumber utama seperti karya Wahbah Al-Zuhaili, kitab fiqh klasik dan kontemporer, serta fatwa ulama. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa memposting konten di media sosial selama masa ‘iddah dapat dikategorikan haram apabila menampilkan aurat, berhias secara mencolok, atau menimbulkan fitnah. Namun jika konten bersifat netral, edukatif, dan sesuai adab syariah, maka hukumnya mubah dengan catatan kehati-hatian. Pandangan Wahbah Al-Zuhaili menekankan pentingnya menjaga kehormatan, agama, dan jiwa (ḥifẓ al-‘ird, ḥifẓ al-dīn, ḥifẓ al-nafs), serta menyerukan sikap wara’ dalam berfatwa (al-iḥtiyāṭ fī al-fatwā). Implikasi hukum dari fenomena ini menunjukkan adanya kebutuhan pembaharuan pemahaman fiqh digital, perlunya edukasi etika media sosial berbasis maqāshid, serta peran penting ulama dalam menyikapi dinamika sosial virtual.
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